NURSING WORLD

  DEFINITION :  According to DSM-5, it is defined as marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable, cued by the presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation (e.g., flying, heights, animals, receiving an injection, seeing blood). TYPES:  1.Simple or Specific phobia  2.Social phobia  3.Agarophobia  1.Simple or Specific phobia :   ●It consists of of and acrophobia (fear of height), hematophobia (fear of blood), claustrophobic (fear of confined spaces), algophobia (Fear of physical pain), gamophobia (fear of marriage). ●It is a phobia of any particular situation or stimulus  ● Signs and symptoms are as:  ◇ Irrational or persistent fear of objects or situations. ◇ Immediate anxeity upon contact with feared objects.  ◇ Loss of control or panic response  ◇ Negative impact on work places.  2. Social phobia:   ● Irrational fear of performing activities in presence of other people.  ● Signs and symp...

OBESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER Introduction : Well organized and systemic person is the result of a disciplined life. Not liking the mess around and being surrounded by clean environment is a wish of a normal person. But getting anxious on some para normal cleaning and organizing factors is an issue which we will discuss here in this topic. 

  BIPOLAR DISORDER Definition : •Bipolar disorders are described by the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a group of brain disorders that cause extreme fluctuation in a person's mood, energy, and ability to function. Triggers of bipolar disorder : •Insufficient amount of sleep. •Substance abuse  •Altercation with loved ones  •Loss of loved ones  •Seasonal disorder  •Pregnancy and other hormonal imbalance. Risk Factors and etiology: •Stressful life  •Family history and genetics  •Substance abuse  •Neurological and brain disorders GABA and Acetylcholine plays important role in many neurological functions and imbalance in these two can cause bipolar disorder. Clinical features: •There are mood episodes among people suffering from bipolar disorder. •Over joyous or over excited state of behavior for longer period of time is called as "manic episode". •Lowered mood or less pleasure in day...